Agrmt with Yantons - Pipestone - Senate Rept

[mdenney]

This was posted by Lavanah Smith-Judah

on the "Oyate Research Center"

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Taken to the Red Pipestone Quarries by Joseph LaFramboise, Catlin painted what he saw in 1836-38.

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Catlinite Sacred Stone to All Sioux People

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Ritual pipes were and are stored in sacred bundles and are part of many of the creation stories that describe and explain the origins of many tribes. Pipes are integral parts of ceremony - from making peace to declaring war, guaranteeing the hunt, promoting good trade or practicing medicine.

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The Yanktons fought the U.S. Government for 3 decades for their exclusive right to the Red Pipestone Reserve. The following is a Senate report which includes sworn affidavits from Elisha Dillon, grandson of Smutty Bear (if anyone knows who his parents are--please share), Peter LeGrand, William "Blue Sky or Blue Cloud" Bean, and David Hope.

Testimony given by George Chase before the Senate and last but not least, a document entitled RED PIPESTONE QUARRY IN MINNESOTA by the Director of the Red Pipestone Committee, J. W. Powell.

It all begins when the Sissetons ceded part of the Pipestone Quarry, seven years prior to the 1858 treaty, to the Government, which was not theirs to do so. Chief Little Crow went to Washington and testified that the land belonged to the Yanktons. It details what the 1858 treaty meant and how it was understood by the Yanktons. It moves through the 1891-2 cession of surplus land by the Yanktons up to 1900-03 when this fight began.

This report was printed in 1904 and I bought the original report off of Amazon from an antique book seller as my Great-Grandfather, Alfred C Smith was a witness to all of the sworn affidavits and fought the good fight for 30 yrs. The original pages measure 5 1/2" X 9 3/4." I enlarged them when I scanned the pages and hope that you are able to read them. When I printed two of the first pages out they were definitely enlarged and took up 8 1/2 X 11 paper.

This is an easy to understand and an excellent read. But, it will break your heart as you read and begin to understand what really happened and how the government broke their agreement with the Yanktons.

The final outcome for the Yanktons in 1928 was a difficult one but the only real choice they had. They did not get what they wanted or deserve but agreed to let the government make the reserve a national monument/park allowing only Indians the right to quarry. It was this or allow whites to occupy the land. They chose the former.

Red Pipestone National Monument as it is today.

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Map of the Red Pipestone National Monument--bottom of page is boundary of Pipestone City and running through it to the right is the Chicago Rock Island and Pacific Rail Roads.

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Those who enjoy Sioux history will savor this read.

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