Native people information by name

[mdenney]

Augustin Legardeur, sieur de Courtemanche:
Augustin was married to Mare-Charlotte Charet in 1697 at Lauzon. In the fall of 1691 he established Fort St.Joseph, near today's Niles, Michigan

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George Groghan: (abt.1720 - 1782)
He was born in Dublin (educated at Dublin), Ireland and had daughters; Catherine (1759-1837) (m. Joseph Thayendanegea Brant at Canajoharie, New York in 1784) & Susannah (b.1750, near, Carlisle, Cumberland, Pennsylvania) (m. Augustus Prevost in 1765 at Lancaster, Penn). He was a half-brother of Edward Ward Sr. and a relative of William Powell.
George came to America about 1741 (Lancaster Co., Penn.) and established his residence at Pennsboro, in Cumberland county (nearly opposite Harris’ Ferry, on the shores of Lake Erie), as early as 1746. From 1749 to 1754 he was a partner in the trade with William Trent, who was his bro-in-law.
On 22d day of February 1750, George Croghan and Andrew Montour at an Indian Treaty in behalf of the Government of Pensylvania held at the Tawightwis Town on the Big Mineamis creek being a branch of the River Ohio (he was also that year at Lower Shawnee Town, near the mouth of the Scioto). In 1751, George Croghan was appointed to go to Logstown, (instructions for his mission were dated April 25th, 1751) he kept a journal, which he afterwards submitted to the Governor, dated at his home, in Pennsylvania, June 10th, 1751. Croghan took with him Andrew Montour, the interpreter, and reached Logstown May 18th, 1751, a number of tribes attended a large council held there. Croghan states that on the 20th of May, Joncaire, the French agent, came from the head of the Ohio (Allegheny) with forty Indian warriors of the Six Nations and one Frenchman. In 1753 (june) his traders were captured by 70 French/Indians, 50 miles below Lower Shawnee Town on the Kentucky River and were taken to Montreal. In 1754, Croghan had a trading post near Wills Creek (present day Cumberland, Maryland) and in December of 1754 he was at Fort Necessity with George Washington and the Girty's. He was a captain in General Braddock’s failed expedition and present at the battle of July 9th, 1755, remaining with the general until his death. From 1756 to 1772 he is Deputy Indian Agent (from 1758 to 1777 his headquarters were at Fort Pitt) of Penn. & the Ohio Valley (later Illinois Country Agent) with assistants Edward Ward & Thomas McKee (father of Alexander) under Mj.John Campbell (Deputy Superintendent), administered from Montreal. Another conference commenced on July 4, 1759, and continued at intervals until the 16th, between George Croghan (deputy agent to Sir William Johnson), Col. Mercer and a number of other officers of the garrison, and chiefs and warriors of the Six Nations, Delawares, Shawanese and Wyandots. In September of 1761, Amherst sent Croghan and Johnson to a grand council with the Indians at Detroit. By March of 1765, Col. George Croghan (with Lt. Alexander Fraser) had arrived at Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh) and the British sent Croghan west from the Fort with a Shawnee escort to accept the surrender from the French of Fort de Chartres. In May/June of 1765 near the mouth of the Wabash River, his party was attacked by eighty Kickapoo and Mascouten warriors. Groghan was captured and three Shawnee chiefs in his escort were killed. The Miami, Wea, and Piankashaw were furious because it happened in midst of their peace negotiations with the British and the Shawnee planned to attack the Kickapoo and Mascouten to avenge the deaths of their chiefs. Rather than risk war with the Shawnee, the Kickapoo turned Croghan over to Miami and asked them to ask the British to "cover the dead" with the Shawnee. While he was with them, the Miami arranged a meeting with Pontiac at Fort Ouiatenon. Pontiac agreed to "bury the hatchet" and accompanied Croghan to Detroit in October to sign a peace (that same month, St. Ange surrendered Fort de Chartres to Captain Thomas Stirling). Croghan reached Illinois Country and at later meetings at Fort de Chartres (10 Sept. 1766) and Detroit, convinced the Wabash tribes (including the Mascouten and Kickapoo), to allow the British to occupy the old French forts and trading posts in the Wabash Valley. In October of 1770 Col.Croghan was a few miles above Logstown with Maj.George Washington & Lt.Hamilton.

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[mdenney]

Thomas McKee: (abt.1695 - 1769)

He was born in Ireland about 1695 to Alexander McKee & Elizabeth Gordon. Thomas emigrated to America and eventually settled in Donegal Twsp., Lancaster Co., Pensylvania, with his father and son (Alexander McKee). Thomas married a Shawnee woman name Tecumsapah, otherwise known as Margaret. He was a trader on the south branch of the Susquehanna in 1742 and was listed among the traders on the Ohio River 1753-54. He served as a captain during the French & Indian War and after the war assisted George Crogan, who was Deputy Indian Agent of Pennsylvania and the Ohio Valley under Major John Campbell. Thomas died at McKee's Half Falls, before the start of the British colonial rebellion.



Alexander McKee (Col.): (abt. 1720 - 1799)

He was born in Ireland to Thomas McKee and his first wife. Thomas came to America with his father and grandfather who settled in Donegal Twnsp., Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania, prior to 1735. Alexander made a claim for a section of land in 1762 and again in 1766. In 1764 he received a grant of 1,400 acres of land from Colonel Bouquet, at the mouth of Chartiers creek, for his role in the Pontiac War. He was a farmer and Indian Trader and became one of the richest men in Fort Pitt, dividing his time between his house in Pittsburg and his farm at McKees Rocks. McKee's Rocks got its name officially on a deed in 1769, when McKee received this property as payment for service in the expedition of General John Forbes in 1758. On 20 October, 1770 George Washington had dinner with him at his farm called Fairview. He had been married to a Shawnee women by then and about the time of Washington's visit became the father of a son, Thomas. Alexander's name was among those Governor Richard Penn sent to the Assembly of those he had selected for justices of the county courts and justices of the peace. The list included James Hamilton, Joseph Turner, William Logan, Richard Peters, Lynford Lardner, Benjamin Chew, Thomas Cadwalader, James Tilghman, Andrew Allen, Edward Shippen, Jr., William Crawford, Arthur St. Clair, Thomas Gist, Alexander McKee, Robert Hanna, William Lochry, George Wilson, William Thompson, Aeneas McKay, Joseph Speer, Alexander McLean, James Cavett, William Bracken, James Pollock, Samuel Sloan, and Michael Rugh, Esqrs. He held several positions in the Indian Department in the 1760's, replacing George Crogan at Fort Pitt as Deputy Indian Agent in 1772. In the Washington Co., Penn. (Augusta Co., Pa./Fort Dunmore) court records for 23 feb.1775, (recorded by loyalist Col.John Connolly) McKee is recommended to the Gov. by Connolly. In 1777 he was imprisoned by General Edward Hand for his loyalist activities, when released on parole he deserted to Detroit, on 28 March 1778 with Simon Girty, Matthew Elliot, his cousin Robert Surphlit and several others. By 29 June, 1778 Alexander was establish in Detroit where he was in council with the Ouiattonons, Quiquaboues and Mascoutins as Captain of the Indian Department under Lt.Gov.Henry Hamilton and former Pennsylvanian and Deputy Agent of the Indian Dept., John (Jehu) Hay. Alexander was with a British force commanded by Capt.Henry Bird, which attacked Ruddle's & Martin's Station in Kentucky. Hundreds of Americans were killed and on 27 June, 1780 the British force began the journey back to Detroit with over 400 prisoners. James May of Detroit gave an account of the parties arrival at Detroit: "...I walked out of town and soon met the party. The squaws and young Indians had ranged themselves on the side of the road with sticks and clubs and were whipping the prisoners with great severity. Among these were two young girls 13 or 14 years old, who escaped from the party and ran for protedtion to me...after knocking down two of the Indians , we succeeded in rescuing the girls and fled with them to the Council House...The next morning I received a message by an orderly sergeant to wait upon Col.De Peyster, the commanding officer...The Colonel stated that a serious complaint had been preferred against us by McKee, the Indian agent, for interfering with the Indians and rescuing two of their prisoners. He said the Indians had a right to their own mode of warfare and that no one should interrupt them...". On 26 April, 1781 Alexander was again representing the Indian Dept. in council as Deputy Agent, joined by Maj.De Peyster (commander of Detroit) and Maj.Gamble (commanding the 47th Regt.). Capt.McKee & Chief Brant lead an attack on Bonne Staion (Shelbyville) in Sept.1781 with a force of Huron & Miami warriors against Col.John Floyd. The next year in June he was in council with tribes loyal to the British cause at Wakkitamiki (Zanesfield) where 1000 warriors were gathered to attack Col.George R. Clark. About 3 weeks before Gen.Wayne is attacked by the British at Fallen Timbers, Alexander McKee writes from Miamis Rapids on 7 July, 1794 to Joseph Chew: "...Early on the morning of the 30th of last month the Indians who had collected a force of about 2000 men took & killed 300 pack horses with about 60 drovers near Ft.Recovery... the night following, but from the want of provisions and ammunition, were obliged to retire to the Glaize, from whence all the Lake Indians as well as those from Michilimackinac have come hither, those latter cannot be prevailed to remain having accomplished the call of their belts by scalps and Prisoners, and are going home again...I perceive great danger of the security of His Majesty's Posts from the unfortunate separation of the Indians at this period, but having no authority to stop them or to keep the others together by giving them provisions & ammunition...". In 1796 the British turn over Detroit to the American's and Alexander moves to the River Thames in Ontario where he died on 13 Jan., 1799.

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Ambrose R.Davenport I: (abt.1771-?)
He was married to Elizabeth and their children were: Ambrose II (b.1801)(m.Susan de Carreau), William (b.abt.1803)(m.Mary Default), Nancy (b.1809)(m.Caleb Sibley), Jane (b.1812), Henry (b.1813)(m.Margaret Smith) & Susan (b.1817)(m.William Johnston). In 1796 Ambose was stationed at Ft.Mackinac.
Ambrose Davenport II: (1801-1881)
He was the son of Ambroise R.Davenport & Elizabeth, born at Mackinac Is. He married Susan Decarreau (granddaughter of Misquabunoqua) in 1835 and their children were: Jane (1811-1872), William (1826-1860), Joseph (1834-1862), Mary, John (m.Elizabeth Belanger) & Susan (b.abt.1849). Ambrose II & his brother William were employed for many years by the American Fur Company's, Fond du Lac Department as clerks in northern Minnesota.


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Paul Louis Dazemard(d'Azemar), sieur de Lusignan: (1691-aft.1746)
Paul was the son of Paul de Lusignan (b.abt.1670) & M.Jeanne Babie (m.1689, Champlain), born Champlain, Quebec. He married M.Madeleine Marguerite Bouet (daughter of Francois Bouet & Jehanne Dandonneau) at Montreal in 1722. Together they had the following children: Louis (b.1723), Louis Antoine (b.1726, m.Louise Gillette Renaud in 1754), Madeleine Angelique (b.1729), Charlotte Madeleine (b.1733), Giles Victor (b.1734), M.Anne Madeleine (b.1735, m.Francois Trottier in 1764), Madeleine Genevieve (b.1739), Madeleine Francoise (b.1743) & Marie Anne (b.1745).
Paul's father-in-law, Francois Marie Bouet, had been hiring voyageurs for the west from 1704 to 1718 and as was he by 1735. In 1743 Paul is given the command at the La Baye (Green Bay, Wisconsin) Fort which he had until 1746. In that year he visited the Sioux and established a peace treaty between the Ojibwe at Lapointe and the Dakota of the lakes & plains.
Beauharnois report to Count de Maurepas on the condition & military affairs of Canada, dated 28 oct.1746;" ..Sieur de Lusignan, who spent last year among this tribe, has meanwhile ordered these coureurs des bois to return. They gave him to understand that they were ready to obey and follow him; they even set out, but, either on reflection, or rather on learning that they would be arrested at Missilimakinac, they turned aside and abandoned Sieur de Lusignan. This officer brought with him this summer four Scioux chiefs of the Lakes and Prairies, who came down to solicit my pardon for 19 of their young men who had killed three Frenchmen at the Illinois. The chiefs delivered up these young men, bound and tied, to Sieur de Lusignan, on his arrival at their village, seemingly evincing sorrow for the fault they had committed. This nation behaved well during the winter, and made peace with the Puants, Wild Rice Indians, and the Sauteurs of the Point, with whom they had been a long time at war. Sieur de Lusignan obliged them to restore the prisoners they had made which produced tranquility among the nations inhabiting that post. As regards the lessees of the post, they have made no complaint to me of Sieur de Lusignan, who favored their trade by every means in his power. These lessees would have done a very profitable business had they not suffered from fire, whereby they have lost considerably. The increase in the price of beaver has, however, indemnified them partly for that loss. We jointly report to you the arrangement adopted relative to that post, the lease of which has expired, and to the others that are in a like position." [found in volume x of the "Colonial Documents of New York" on p.37]

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users.usinternet.com/dfnels/lusignan.htm

[mdenney]

Descaris / Descarrie / Decarry / des Carrie / Decorah / Decarri / Dekaury / Dekouri / Decory / Descarry / Decarrie / Decorie / Decora / Decaris / Dekauri / Decarie are some of the different surname forms found of the family.
Joseph (Sabrevois/Sabrevoie/Sabrevoir) Descarrie/Decaris/Descaris/des Carrie:
He was a French Officer, probably at Green Bay, Michilimackinac or Detroit when (or before) he married the daughter of Winnebago Chief (Nawkaw/Carrymaunee/"Walking Turtle"). He was married to Hopockaw/Hopoekaw/"Coming of the Dawn"/"Glory of the Morning" in 1729 and their children were:
1) Choukeka/Chaukaka/Chooghega ("The Ladle" or "Sthingy Decora") (abt.1725-1836),
2) "The Frenchman"
3) Tcap-O-Sgaga (or "White Throat")
4) "Buzzard Decorah" (abt.1727-?)

Jonathan Carver on his was to Prairie du Chien, on 25 September 1766, stopped at the Winnebago village on Doty Is.(on the Fox River) where he found the widow (Hopockaw) of Joseph a Chief of the village. He names "de Kaury" as being wounded in a battle with the British at Quebec and who died of his wounds at Montreal (abt.1760). This village on Doty Is. "...contained 50 houses surronded by palisades...".

Choukeka/Chaukaka/ Choo-ghe-ga ("The Ladle" or "Sthingy Decora"): (1725 - 1816)
He was the son of Joseph Sabrevois Descaris & Hopockaw born on Doty Is., Wisconsin. He married "Fight of Geese" (daughter of Winnebago Chief Carrimoni/Carrymaunee/Nawkaw/"Walking Turtle") and their children were:
1) Waukonhawkaw/Schachipkaka/White War Eagle/White Eagle/Gray Eagle/Konoka Decorah/Old Grey Headed
Decorah/Waukon Decora (abt.1747-1836) [1825 Prairie du Chien treaty]
2) Chau-Wau-Kau / Eechauwaukak(or Marie Decarri/DeKaury) married Perishe/Perriche/Perrish Grignon
(abt.1770-abt.1840) in 1823.
3) Mah-Na-Tee-See (or Therese Decorah) (m.1st. Jean Lecuyer, m.2nd. Augustine Grignon and m.3rd.Michel
Lepailheur/Payer)
4) "Sthingy Decorah" [1832 Winnebago Chief]

Waukonhawkaw (White Eagle/Konoka Decorah/Old Decorah/Waukon Decora): (abt.1747-1836)
He was the son of "The Ladle" (Choukeka) & "Flight of Geese", born near Portage, Columbia Co., Wisconsin. He married and had the following children:
1) "Tall Decora"
2) "Little Decora" (Maw-He-Coo-Sha-Na-Zhe-Kaw or "He Stands With His Head Reaching The Clouds")
(d.1887)

Chah-Post-Kaw-Kaw / "Buzzard Decorah": (abt.1727 - ?)
He was the son of Joseph Sabrevois Descaris & Hopockaw born on Doty Is., Wisconsin. He married and had a son:
1) "One-Eyed Decora"

One-Eyed Decora: (abt.1772 - ?)
He was the son of Buzzard Decorah, born near Neceedah, Wisconsin. He married in 1832 at Doty Is. He apparently had a son:
1) One-Eyed Decora II (born abt. 1812 at Ft.Mackinaw, Wisconsin.

Wineshiek I / Ma-wah-re-gah / Mawaraga: (abt.1770/77 - ?)
He was born near Neceedah, Juneau Co., Wisconsin. He had four wives, one of which was Wakopeenewega (sister of Winnebago prophet "White Cloud"). He had two sons:
1) Winneshiek II / Wa-kan-ja-ko-ga / "Coming Thunder" (abt.1812-?)
2) "Short Wing" (abt.1820-?)

Mor-ah-tshay-kaw / "The Traveler" / "Little Priest": (? - 1882)
He was the Chief to the Lake Koshkonong (Wisconsin) village in 1829. He had a son:
1) Hoonk-hoo-no-kaw / "Little Chief" / Little Priest II / "Little Chief" (?-1866) [1846 treaty]

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users.usinternet.com/dfnels/decorah.htm

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Pierre Grignon I: (1709-?)
He was the son of Jacques Grignon & Marie-Therese Richer. Pierre I married Josephte-Marguerite Chevalier (daughter of Jean Bte.Chevalier & Francoise Alavoine) at Michilimackinac in 1738. Their children were: Joseph (m.Marie Josephe Turcotte in 1771), Marie-Marguerite (b.1739)(m.Pierre-Augustin Arcouet), Pierre II (1740-1795)(m.1st.a Menominee woman & 2nd.Louise-Domitilde Langlade), Jean Bte.(b.1743)(m.Marie-Renee Moreau in 1768), Marie-Joseph (b.1746), Hopolite (m.1st.unknown & 2nd.Lisitte Charette) & Marie-Pelagie (b.1748).

Pierre Grignon II: (1740-1795)
He was the son of Pierre Grignon I & Josephte-Marguerite Chevalier, born in Montreal, Quebec. Pierre II married 1st. to a Menominee/Winnebago woman (in 1776) & 2nd.to Louise-Domitilde Langlade(daughter of Charles-Michel Langlade & Charlotte-Ambroisine Bourassa) at Michilimackinac in 1787. His children were: Perrich, (abt.1770-abt.1840)(m.Mary abt.1823), Pierre-Antoine III (1777-1823), Charles-Antoine (1779-1846)(m.to Charolotte, Therese Rankin & Susan Larose), Augustin (1780-1860)(m.Nancy McRea), Louis (1783-1839)(m.Catiche Cardin), Jean Bte.(1785-1832)(m.1st.Quipiwa, 2nd.Noquas & 3rd.Cattish Macabee), Domitille (1787-1847)(m.Dominique "Masca" Brunette in 1811), Marguerite (1789-1823)(m.Louis Corbelle in 1803), Paul-Hypolite (1790-1851)(m.to Nanette & Lisette Charette) & Amable (1795-1845)(m.1st.an Ojibwe woman & 2nd.to Judith Bourassa).
Pierre II is licensed to trade along with another of Charles Langlade's son-in-laws, Jean Bte.Barcellou., in 1767. He maintained a residence at Green Bay (along with families of Langlades, Roys, Reaumes, Franks & Vieaus) and his sons became prominent traders/voyageurs in todays Wisconsin & Minnesota.


Pierre-Antoine Grignon III: (1777-1823)
He was the son of Pierre Grignon II and baptized at Michilimackinac in 1787. Pierre III married 1st Charlotte Pemonica about 1801 & 2nd. to Marie Challefoux about 1811.
From 1793 to 1802 Pierre III was trading on the Upper Mississippi & St.Croix Rivers. During the War of 1812 he was commissioned a captain and sent to Green Bay to raise volunteers for the British cause. After the war he remained at Green Bay where he died in 1823.


Pierre-Barnard Grignon IV:
He was the son of Pierre Grignon III and in 1830 carring the mail between Green Bay & Milwaukee.

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Henri-Louis Deschamps, sieur de Boishebert: (b.1679)
Henri-Louis was the son of Jean Bte.Francois Deschamps & Catherine-Gertude Macard. He married Loise Geneveive Ramesay (de Ramesais) and their children were; Claude-Louis (bapt.1722) & Charles (1727-1797). Henri assumed command of Detroit in the summer of 1730. In Nov. of 1732 he sent warriors against the Renards (Fox tribe) and was at Detroit when small pox spread west (1732-33). In 1733 he reported to Beauharnois that he had sent the "Saulteurs, Missiagues, Outaouais & Poutouatamis against the Chicachas".
Charles Deschamps, sieur de Raffetot & de Boishebert: (1727-1797)
Charles was the son of Henri-Louis & Louise-Geneveive, born in Quebec and died in Normandy, France. In 1755 he sent Lt.Francois Boucher de Niverville Grandpre to prevent the flow of English goods from Fort Beausejour to Green Bay. By the summer of 1759 he was assisting in the defense of Quebec and sailed to France when New France fell to the English.

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Robert Dickson (Mascotapah or "Red-Hair Man"): (abt.1768 - 1823)
He was the oldest son of John Dickson & Helen Wight, born at Dumfries, Scotland. Robert's wife was Helen or Totowin (daughter of Chief Wanoti & sister of Nakota Chief Red Thunder) and their children were: William (b.1798/1801)(m.1st.to a part Ojibwe woman & 2nd. to a Yankton woman), Helen (Ellen) (1808-1884)(m.1st.to Joseph R.Brown & 2nd.to Moses Arconge), Thomas (1812-abt.1833) & Mary (Marie) (b.1814)(m.to Henry Ange).
Robert and his brothers (William & Thomas) were brought to North America to assist there cousin, Robert Hamilton, with his British government contracts & the fur trade. He was employed by the British Indian Department at Mackinac Is. in the 1780's which allowed him to become acquainted with the trade in the Upper Mississippi. By the beginning of the War of 1812 he was one of the most influential traders in that region. During the war he was placed in charge or the British Indian Department for the Western Tribes, due to his influence in the area of the Great Lakes and to the west. He died at Drummond Is. on the 20th of June in 1823.

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Red Thunder (Wackhawendutah or Tonnerre Rouge):
There are many more questions about the life, family & history surrounding this individual than answers. The info I managed to gather on this individual seems to indicate him as one of the most influential Dakota (Nakota) Chiefs [not only at the village-band-tribal level (Yankton and/or Sisseton) but of the Dakota-Nakota-Lakota Nation level of influence]. I have explored many European sources but am lacking in oral tradition sources and I'm sending out a call for help from any of you folks out there that can muster up some additional info. Anyway here's what I have - please let me know if there are disagreements out there about any of the info
There appears to have been at least two Chiefs known as Red Thunder. Red Thunder I was born 1740-41 & died in 1822. he was probably the Red Thunder that was noted as visiting the new fort (Ft.Snelling) at the head of the St.Peter's River (Minnesota River) in jun.1821, estimated as 80 years old. This is probably the same Red Thunder that Zebulon Montgomery Pike listed on his "Abstract of the Nations of Indians on the Mississippi..." as Wuckiew Nutch - Tonnerre Rouge - Red Thunder with the remark "first chief of all the Sioux". (Pike defines the divisions of the "Sioux" as Minowa Kantong, Washpetong, Sissitons, Yanktons & Tetons - with Red Thunder as a Sissiton). Pike met Red Thunder on 21 apr.1806, "Upon my return I was sent for by Red Thunder, chief of the Yanctongs, the most savage band of the Sioux. He was prepared with the most elegant pipes and robes I ever saw, and shortly declared, That white blood had never been shed in the village of the Yanctongs, even when rum was permitted; that Mr.Murdoch Cameron arrived at his village last autumn; that he invited him to eat, gave him corn as a bird; that Cameron informed him of the prohibition of rum, and was the only person who afterward sold it in the village." ["The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike"; edited by Elliott Coues]

Excerpts from a "Personal Narrative of Capt.Thomas G.Anderson" from the "Collection of the State Hist.Soc.of Wisc." [vol.IX] - (1808-1811 wintering on Minnesota River); "Red Thunder or Wack-haw-en-du-tah was on of the most universally respected, chiefs among all the numerous Sioux bands....An Ottawa Indian, from L. Mich.,had, by some means, wandered away from his own country, and joined Red Thunder's band, where he received the kindest hospitality; but his tribe, in Mich., were at war with the Oma-haw Indians on the Missouri.......two hundred lodges each of Sioux and Omahaws encamped on the great plains.....a party was immediately sent to bring the Ottawa, dead or alive......(Red Thunder) said, "Since you will not permit me to keep the Ottawa, you shall not kill him, but I will," and shot him, the same ball accidently killing a young Omahaw......in order to avert the impending outbreak, early the next morning the Sioux chief mounted his horse, and rode alone to the Omahaw camp, singing his death song, and with his knife, as he rode among their lodges, cut pieces of flesh from his thighs, and throwing them to the dogs, saying: "My friends, I fed my dogs with your flesh yesterday, and am now come to feast your dogs on my poor flesh, in hopes that we may continue brethren." Red Thunder.......his wounds dressed; and in time, he was loaded with presents and sent home,....."
Red Thunder I, was probably the Red Thunder with Col. Robert Dickson at the siege of Ft.Meigs in 1813 and also probably the father-in-law of Robert Dickson (Mascotapah or Red Haired Man) whose wife was Helen Totowin (b.abt.1781 near Big Stone Lake). She was referred to as the sister of Red Thunder/Wekinyanduta, Chief of the Cut-Head band of Yankton. (reference to her father's name as Wanoti - head Yankton Chief). Robert Dickson was the British trader that Pike met on his expedition up the Mississippi River who at that time had both Ojibwe territory posts & Dakota territory posts and no doubt supplied Pike with some of his tribal information.


Red Thunder II was born about 1770 in the area of Big Stone Lake (Minnesota or North Dakota) & probably died before 1825.

Wannata/Charger in 1822 became Chief of the Yankton and/or the Sisseton on the west shore of Lac Traverse upon the death of Red Thunder [he was said to have been related to Gabriel Renville & a cousin to Tatankamanazin (Standing Buffalo)]. He may have been a son of Red Thunder II and was born about 1795.


...updated 3-6-99 - more to come later...

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Mescotopah, “the red-haired man

His Sioux tribesmen called him Mescotopah, “the red-haired man.” He was a Scottish-Canadian who became an adopted leader within the Sioux nation. While a young man, Dickson established himself as a merchant in the fur trade in the Niagara region. His extensive connections brought him to the Spanish territories west of the Mississippi for a time, but he eventually entered the community of the Sioux tribes who lived in various parts of the Upper Great Lakes region.

No other white man, and only a handful of Natives, commanded the respect and love of his people as Dickson did. Dickson endured a winter of starvation with his people in Michigan “I am heartily sick of this place. There is no situation more miserable than to see objects around you dying of hunger and to be unable to give them but little assistance. I have done what I could for them, and in consequence, will starve myself.”

His concern for his peoples’ welfare led him to help the British when the conflict with America deepened in 1812. He was sought out by Isaac Brock to secure native assistance in the strike against Fort Mackinac, and the four hundred warriors led in that action were in largely responsible for its success. Later, George Prevost convinced him to give up the fur trade and become part of the Indian department as a superintendent for the western nations. Unlike many others in the department, he was sober, literate, humane, and faithful to his Sioux wife.

Having no interest in military pursuits, Dickson gave up his position of lieutenant colonel when the war ended, and resigned from the Indian department. He eventually moved his family west, in order to aid Lord Selkirk in the establishment of his colony on the Red River. Dickson died in 1823.

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galafilm.com/1812/e/people/dickson.html

[mdenney]

Pierre Dorion I: (1740 - 1810)
He was probably the same Pierre born to Jean-Marie Dorion & Marie-Therese LeNormand, born in Quebec City. He was married to a woman of the Yankton tribe (a Pierre Dorion married "Holy Rainbow" on the Lower Illinois River in 1780) and their children were: Pierre (1780/82-1814)(m.Marie Aioe Laguivoise or Wihmunkewakan), Paul (b.abt.1781)(m.Zeah White-Cloud), Louis (b.abt.1782, Illinois), Charles-Martin (b.abt.1783), Antoine (b.abt.1785, Illinois), Thomas (b.abt.1787,Illinois), Perechie (b.abt.1789, Illinois), Marie (b.abt.1791, Nemaha Terr.,Missouri), Jean Bte.(b.abt.1795), Ellen (b.abt.1796)(m.Charles Tackett), Margaret (b.abt.1800, Nemaha Terr., Missouri)(m.Louis Desnoyers, abt.1829 at St.Charles, Mo.) & Comanaka/Comanna (b.abt.1807, Nemaha Terr., Missouri).
He was apparently living among his wife's tribe from 1785 to 1805 according to one reference and 1773 to 1807 from another source (another source has him settling along the James River in South Dakota in 1775). In 1780 he had corresponded with George Roger Clark, who had organized and led the American military take over of wilderness communities east of the Mississippi River the year before. In 1781 he was trading along the Mississippi & Des Moines Rivers. In July of 1804 Pierre joined the Lewis & Clark expedition, hired as an interpreter, but before the expedition left their wintering site in the spring of 1805, Pierre was sent back to St.Louis with chiefs of the Yankton, Omaha, Oto & Missouri tribes. In 1806, Pierre was commissioned by the U.S. War Department, as sub-agent on the Missouri and western tributaries of the Upper Mississippi River. He apparently died on 23 July 1810 at Petite Rocher, below St.Louis.
Pierre Dorion II: (1780/82-1814)
He was the son of Pierre Dorion I & a Yankton mother, born in a Yankton village in todays Dakotas. He married Marie Aioe Laguivoise(1786-1850)(also know by Marie Aioe Dorion Venier Toupin) and their children were; Paul (b.1808/09), Jean Bte.(b.1812/13) & an un-named baby born 29 December 1811 while enroute from St.Louis to Astoria on the Pacific coast (this baby died within a month). After Pierre's death she married Joseph Venier and later to Jean Toupin.
On 29 August 1804 Pierre II is with a large band of Yankton, who meet the Lewis & Clark expedition on the Missouri just above the mouth of the James River when he is mentioned in the expedition journal; "...At four o'clock in the afternoon Sergeant Pryor and his party arrived on the opposite side, attended by five chiefs and about 70 men and boys. We sent a boat for them and they joined us, as did also Mr.[Pierre] Durion, son of our interpreter, who happened to be trading with the Sioux at this time...". In 1809 he served as an interpreter on the Missouri River for Manuel Lisa and in 1811 journeyed west with the land expedition (led by Wilson P.Hunt) of American Fur Co. Lisa obtained a warrant against Dorion in the spring of 1811 for a unpaid debt that Pierre had incurred as a former employee at Fort Mandan. In summer of 1813 he left Astoria with a group led by John Reed to Snake River Country and spent the winter of 1813/14 on the Boise River in Idaho. Gabriel Franchere's journal describes finding Pierre's wife and two boys on the Upper Columbia River while on his return journey to Canada from Astoria. Pierre's wife describes the attack (10 Jan.1814) on Reed's wintering party (which left Reed, Dorion, Jacob Regner, John Hubbough, Gilles Leclerc, Francois Landry, J.B.Turcotte, Andre Lachapelle & Pierre De Launay dead) and her escape the previous January.

Paul Dorion: (1808/09 - 1889)
He was the son of Pierre Dorion II & Marie Aioe, born according to one source in Beaverhead, Montana. He married 1st.to My-Horse-Comes-Out-Horse (Fasvhimpiimi) & 2nd.to Mary Atoktisau. He died on the Iowa/Sac/Fox Reservation in Doniphan Co., Kansas.

Jean Baptiste Dorion: (1812/13 - 1849)
He was the son of Pierre Dorion II & Marie Aioe and married Josephte Cayuse/Kiaus in Washington in 1845. He died in Oregon in 1849.

Louis Dorion: (abt.1782 - 1890)
He was the son of Pierre Dorion I & Holy Rainbow, born in Illinois. In July of 1815 he was a signer of a treaty at Portage des Sioux with the Dakota. In 1837 he assisted missonary M.Merrill in translating, "The History of Our Lord Jesus Christ", in to the Otoe, Ioway & Missouri language.

Francois Dorion:
Hired for the 1769/70 season by Maurice Blondeau for la Mer de l'Ouest.

Joachim Dorion:
He was engaged (listed as being from L'Assomption) by McTavish, Frobisher & Co. for the Grand Portage trade in 1797.

Joseph Dorion:
He was hired by la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest for "servir comme Matelot pendant trois ans." (to serve as a sailor for 3 years), in 1798.

Louis Dorion:
Hired by North West Co. for le Bas de la Riviere Rouge, in the 18004/05 & 1805/06 seasons.

Pierre Dorion:
Hired by Jacques & Jean Bte.Baby for Detroit in 1806 (from Trois-Rivieres).

Jean Bte. Dorion:
Hired by James H.Lockwood (American Fur Co.) for the trade above Prairie du Chien for the 1819/20 season.

Battis Dorion Sr. & Jr.:
Both were hired by the American Fur Co. for the trade on the Upper Mississippi River in the 1818/19 season.

Martin Dorion:
In December of 1835, Kenneth McKenzie, writes Jean Bte.Cabanne from Fort Union, "I have written Mr.Chouteau to engage Martin Dorion, but if you will take the trouble you are much more likely to effect it for me." And in another letter to Messrs.Pratte Chouteau & Co, "I am anxious you should engage Martin Dorion. I cannot say at present whether he will be wanted for this post or the Sioux, of course it will be immaterial to him which post he winters at."
In September 1836 he was present for a treaty with Zachory Taylor (Colonel in U.S.Army & future President) & the Santee & Yankton.

Pierre Dorion:
In June of 1839 he joined a party at Ft.Pierre on the Missouri, consisting of Joseph Nicollet, John Fremont, Charles Geyer, William Dickson, Louison Freniere, Etienne Provost, Jacques Fournaise, Francois Latulipe, Joseph Chartran, Louis Zindel, William May, and several others not mentioned, on their way north to Devil's Lake than reaching Lac qui Parle (at Joseph Renville's fort) on August 25. "...joining the party was Pierre Dorion, probably a descendant of "old" Pierre Dorion, Sr., the interpreter who had accompanied Lewis and Clark through the Dakota country..." (from Joseph Nicollet's journal of his 1838-39 expeditions for the U.S. government).


Many thanks to Léonard Dorion for sending the following information on the members of the Dorion Family who ventured to the south-west of Quebec. Léonard has a great deal of info on the family throughout the globe and welcomes inquiries on the family. You can email him at: [e-mail]

A few words about the Dorion Family in Canada and the United States. Quite a few Dorion's, went down in the United States as early as 1749 and I can follow many others family from New-England out to California. The part that has the most interest for you is this part, maybe you have things on these persons that I haven't got, so you can let me know.
The following Dorion are two brother's:
First Dorion, that I found in Cahokia, Illinois, U.S.A., 3 rd generation in Québec.
Joseph Dorion, born in Québec City , the 19 march 1717 and baptized at Notre-Dame de Québec church the 5 April 1717, father Pierre Dorion and Geneviève Chappau. He passed a marriage contract the 10 august 1749 and got married the 22 august 1749 to Marie Anne Padoka, widow of Louis Pichard ( is said also Padoka Des Ricaras ). She died 24 July 1757 and buried 27 July 1757, in Cahokia Illinois U.S.A. I don't have the information were and when Joseph died and buried and also, if he had any children.
Second Dorion in Cahokia, Illinois U.S.A.
Pierre Dorion, born 26 September 1722, baptized the 28 September 1722. He got married twice, 1st marriage in Québec City 25 February 1743, at Notre-Dame of Québec, to Marie Geneviève Flamand dit Deguise. 2nd marriage to Magdeleine Vige ( in Montréal, Québec the named is said to be Viger ) the 17 august 1773, in Cahokia, Illinois, U.S.A. I don't have where he died or buried and if he have any children.

Two more Dorion decided to join the others in Cahokia, Illinois , they are the children of Jean-Marie Dorion and Marie Thérèse Le Normand ( sometime we see Normand ) two brothers and cousins of the two Dorion previously spoke off.
First: Jean-Marie Dorion, born in Québec City the 18 January 1736 and baptized the 19 January 1736. He was married to Marie Magdelaine Buteau, widow of Alexis Buiette, the 19 November 1773, at the Holy Family Church, in Cahokia Illinois U.S.A. He died the 19 march 1799 and buried 20 march 1799 at the Holy Family Church, in Cahokia, Illinois, U.S.A. I don't know if he had any children.
This is the one I believe you are looking for: Pierre Dorion, born and baptized the 17 January 1740. He married Holy Rainbow, a Yankton Sioux woman around 1779. He died the 10 September 1810 at Fort Osage, Missouri Territory, U.S.A. He had plenty of children.
A bit of history, about Pierre Dorion in the fur trade:

1st. Letters of Charles Gratiot to Pierre Dorion at Prairie du Chien, 18 august 1779.
2nd. Asking to remove all his belongings from St-Louis on the Spanish side to Cahos ( Cahokia) , letter from Pierre Dorion to Georges Rogers Clark, Colonel of the Illinois battalion and Commander in Chief of the troops of Virginia and of eastern Illinois and its dependencies, the 31 may 1780.
3rd. Pierre Dorion was also with Pierre Chouteau, he was a St-Louis trader who had many years of experience with the Yankton Sioux on the Des Moines and James Rivers.
4th. In the journals of Lewis and Clark, on Tuesday, the 12th of June 1804 , it is mentioned that they have fund old mister Dorion ( Durioun), it was concluded to take mister Dorion to the Sioux nation with a view to get some of the Chiefs to visit the President of the United States. It is also said « This man being a very confidential friend of those people, he having resided with the nation 20 odd years » and to accompany them on.
Pierre Dorion married Holy Rainbow around 1779, in Yankton, South Dakota, U.S.A.
1. Pierre Dorion born around 1780, on the James River, near Yankton, South Dakota. He married Marie Aioe ( also said and written Marie Iowa, Laguivoise, L'auguvoise ) an Indian Iowa woman, born near Scott, Illinois, U.S.A. in 1789.She died the 3rd September 1850 in the Willamette Valley and buried 6 September 1850 at the parrish of St-Louis, in Salem, Oregon , U.S.A. Her Sioux name: WI-HMUNKE WAKAN.
A little bit of information of Marie Aioe.
1st. marriage, Pierre Dorion, interpreter and guide to Astoria. Children are: Paul born 1809. He got married twice: «1 st marriage to My Horse Comes Out-Horse », or « Fasv-Himpi-Imi ».2 nd marriage: « Mary Ato KTI-SAU», or « Mary Ato-Ki-Tisi ». He died in 1889. On the 30 December 1811, one male son was born, he did not received a name because he died on the 7 January 1812. Jean-Baptiste born in 1813. He married Josephte Cayuse or Kiaus the 3 rd February 1845 in Fort Vancouver, Clark county, Washington ,U.S.A. He died in 1849, Willamette Valley, Clackamas county, Oregon U.S.A. (I don't think this couple had time to have more children and girls). But she (Marie Aioe) had other husband , this is the following.
2nd. marriage, Joseph Venier, French Canadian, trapper at the fort of Okanogon. One daughter names Marguerite Venier, born in 1815, died the 9th may 1858, she married the 23 rs august 1841 , in St-Paul Willamette, Oregon , Jean-Baptiste Godin. This couple had 7 known children.
3rd. marriage: Mary Aoie or Iowa, married the 19 July 1841 in St-Paul mission, Walla-Walla, Oregon, U.S.A., Jean-Baptiste Toupin also named by misspelling Topaz, a French Canadian who was an interpreter in the Fort Nez Percé ( Walla-Walla ). This couple had 2 children known for the time being. François Toupin, born in 1824, married to Angélique Longtain, the 25 January 1847. Marie Anne Toupin, born 1827, married 3 times , lst: David Gervais, François Robideau, and Georges Gay.
Pierre Dorion, her husband, died the 10 January 1814, on the river bank of the river Bosie, near Caldwell , Idaho, U.S.A.
2. Paul Dorion, born in 1781, he married Zeah White Cloud.

3. Louis Dorion, born in 1782, died the 24 April 1890. Some information on Louis Dorion.
Louis Dorion, son of Pierre Dorion and Holy. He was born in 1782 and died the 29 April 1890. He was married to a native girl. Louis had 2 known sons: Thomas and Louis.
Thomas Dorion ( Sioux name Peguwaakinica ), born 1825, got married 3 times l st marriage to Rattling Iron HIGH-HAWK, 2nd marriage to Good HEART, 3rd marriage to Iron FEATHER.
Louis Dorion, born 1829, he married a girl named Julia, in 1869.
Louis was an interpreter for Chouteau and also Edward. Louis also was a witness in the following « Treaty ».
l st: Witness to treaty with Sioux of the Lakes, July 19 1815.
2nd: Witness to treaty with Teton, July 19 1815.
3rd: Witness to treaty with Sioux of St-Peter's River, July possibly same date.
You say Louis was hired by the North West Company, for the bottom of the Red River or le bas de la Rivière Rouge, in the seasons of 1804-05 and 1805-06. At that time he was 22 years old, date are fitting quite well.
4. Charles-Martin Dorion, born in 1783.
5. Antoine Dorion, born in 1785.
6. Thomas Dorion, born in 1787.
7. Perechie (male) Dorion, born in 1789.
8. Mary Dorion, born in 1791.
9. Jean-Baptiste Dorion, born in 1795.
10. Ellen Dorion, born in 1796, married to Charles Tackett.
11. Margaret Dorion.
12. Co-ma-na-ka Dorion (Comanaka).


François Dorion:
Born in the 3 July 1735 in Québec City, baptized the 4th July 1735 at Notre-dame of Québec church, son of Pierre Dorion and Geneviève Chappau, brother of Joseph and Pierre. Don't mixed up the Pierre. François spouse is named Louise Galerneau. I don't know when and were he got married for the time being, he had a son named Alexis Dorion, who married Thérèse Bernard the 5 February 1759, at the Immaculate Conception church in Three Rivers ( Trois-Rivières) in the province of Québec. Nothing else on the family.
Maurice Blondeau and François Dorion knew each other since about 1753. Both of them were in the fort Saint-Frederic 1732-1760 ( today Crown Point New-York, NY ). Both of them were godfather of the children of Charles Girard dit Sanschagrin and Catherine Renaud ( François in 1753 and Maurice in 1758. Maurice Blondeau in 1758 was a clerk for the person who was in charge of
the ammunitions ( guns, powder, canons and so on ) of that fort. Source: La population des forts français d'Amérique au 18 siècle, Editions Bergeron, author Marthe Faribault-Beauregard , page 29 , tome 1.

Now a little bit of history on Peltier-Antaya family.
In the Dorion research there is one Pierre Peltier-Antaya, I believe they were half-breed Indian, I will tried in the near future to gather more information on that family, for the time being:
« Marie Josephte Dorion, daughter of Noel Dorion and Marie Josephte Normand was born the 21 march 1772, baptized the 22 march 1772. She the 4th generation of Dorion in Québec city. She married Pierre Peltier-Antaya , son of Jean-Baptiste Peltier-Antaya and Catherine Vole. The Vole family I believe it to be Indian also. Will let you know. They married the 24 April 1797 in St-Mathieu de Beloeil, Province of Québec».

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[mdenney]

Weucha (Shake Hand)/le Liberateur(the Deliverer): (? - 1804/07)
On 31 August 1804, he and his band encountered the Lewis & Clark expedition on the Missouri (just above the mouth of the James River) and met in council with the two representatives of the American government. The expedition journals describe Weucha as an old, grand Chief of the Yankton, (Z.Pike in 1805-06 names White Buffalo or Petessung as Head-Chief of this tribe) which numbers 200 warriors. The journals also recorded his speech which was probably translated by either Pierre Dorion I (who was the expedition interpreter at this time) or Pierre Dorion II (who was present and trading among this tribe at the time):
"I see before me, my Great Father's two sons. You see me and the rest of our chiefs and warriors. We are very poor; we have neither powder, no ball, nor knives; and our women and children at the village have no clothes. I wish that as my brothers have given me a flag and a medal, they would give something to those poor people, or let them stop and trade with the first boat which comes up the river. I will bring chiefs of the Pawnees and Mahas together, and make peace between them; but it is better that I should do it than my Great Father's sons, for they will listen to me more readily. I will also take some chiefs to your country in the spring; but before that time I cannot leave home. I went formerly to the English, and they gave me a medal and some clothes; when I went to the Spanish they gave me a medal, but nothing to keep it from my skin; but now you give me a medal and clothes. But still we are poor; and I wish, brothers, you would give us something for our squaws"
The expedition journal goes on to describe a inter-tribal society of this tribe:
"...It is an association of the most active and brave young men, who are bound to each other by attachment, secured by a vow, never to retreat before any danger, or give way to their enemies...These young men sit, camp, and dance together, distinct from the rest of the nation; they are generally about 30 or 35 years old, and such is the deference paid to courage that their seats in council are superior to those of the chiefs and their persons more respected...that band is now reduced to four warriors, who were among our visitors. These were the remains of 22 who composed the society not long ago..."
Weucha's sub-Chiefs at this council with Lewis & Clark were: Mahtoree/Monlori (White Crane/Grey Bear/White Bear) [he was chief signer of 1815 treaty at Portage des Sioux with the Yankton], Pawnawneahpahbe (Struck By A Pawnee) [probable 3nd signer at the 1815 treaty] & Aweawechache (Half Man).
The Yankton lands at this time included the head-waters of the Des Moines River and to the west including the Sacred Pipe-Stone Quarry and the lower James River region. At one time they were united with the Yanktonai & Assiniboine, making up one of the three main divisions (Dakota, Nakota & Lakota) of what is generally called the Sioux today. Probably some time in the later part of the 17th century the tribe (Nakota) split off into two factions, the Assiniboine migrating to the north-west, than sometime in the mid 1700's the remaining tribe split again with the Yanktonai migrating to the west & the Yankton migrating to the south-west. From early French exploration reports it seems this tribe had long migrated annually to the prairie's for hunts but would winter in the shelter of central Minnesota. Returning to the forest lands discontinued at some point due problably to the increasing war party pressures of their neighbors the Cree & Ojibwe and including attacks from their brothers the Assiniboine. Pierre LeSueur was visited by the Hinkaneton or "village of the Red Stone Quarry" (Yankton) while he was on his trading/mining expedition in 1700 at south-central Minnesota. The Marin's in the 1750's puts the main Yankton village number at 160 lodges and says they roam to the Missouri River.
Waskaigingo/Wahhaginea/Waskaijingo(Little Dish or Little Bowl or Pettit Plat):
From before 1806 to after 1836 he was Chief of theYankton. About 1813 his tribe is driven to migrate west to the Big Sioux River due to war with the Sac & Fox. On the19th of July in 1815 Chiefs & warriors of the Yankton Tribe met with William Clark, Ninian Edwards & Auguste Chouteau, representing the United States, at Portage des Sioux signing at treaty of "...re-establishing peace and friendship...". The order of Yankton signers was ; Monlori (or White Bear), Waskaijingo (or Little Dish), Padamape (or Panis Sticker), Chaponge (or Musquitoe), Mindalonga (Parisan or War Chief), Weopaatowechashla (or Sun Set), Tokaymhominee (or The Rock That Turns), Keonorunco (or Fast Flyer), Mazo (or The Iron), Haiwongeeda (or One Horn) & Mazehaio (or Arrow Sender) [Maurice Blondeau, Manuel Lisa, Thomas Forsyth, Louis Dorion & John Hay were also present at the Treaty, all of whom were very familiar with the Yankton and would likely have been the sources of the names and translation of the individual Yankton signers]. Again on the 22nd of June in 1825 at Fort Look-Out (near the Three Rivers of the Sioux Pass) Chief, Headmen & warriors of the "Teton, Yancton and Yanctonnies" met with Gen.Atkinson and Benj.O'Fallon (representing the U.S.) in a Treaty of "...perpetuating the friendship...". The order of Yankton signers was; Maw-too-sa-be-kia (The Black Bear), Wacan-o-hi-gnan (The Flying Medicine), Wah-ha-ginga (The Little Dish), Cha-pon-ka (The Musqueto), Eta-ke-nus-ke-an (The Mad Face), To-ka-oo (The One That Kills), O-ga-tee (The Fork), You-ia-san (The Warrior), Wah-ta-ken-do (The One Who Comes From War), To-qui-in-too (The Little Soldier) & Ha-sas-hah (The Ioway) [Jean Bte Dorion was present at the Treaty and more than likely the interpreter of the names and translations]. Before 1830 he was replaced as primary Chief by War Eagle (Wahmedawahkee) trading with William Dickson at his post near the mouth of the Vermillion River. In 1825 he was one of the primary signers of a treaty with the Teton, Yankton & Yanktonai.


He Who Eats No Buffalo Cow (Tatankayeteshene/Peteyuteshni):
In 1823 Keating & Renville credit him as Hereditary Chief of the Yankton and in 1838-39 Joseph Nicollet also names him as primary Chief of the Yankton at the source of the Des Moines. In a 1830 treaty at St.Louis with the Yankton & Santee, He Who Dont Eat Buffalo (Citta-eutapishma) is 3rd signer under Matto-Sa-Becha (Black Bear) & Pa-con-okra. In September of 1836 he was primary signer (Pittaeutapishna) for the Yankton in a treaty with Col. Zachory Taylor (future President) with Washkashinga signing second.

note: I have recently received an e-mail from Christine (a descendent of Smutty Bear) who beleives the person Mattosabecha (Black Bear) referred to in the Treaty of 1830 was actually Mato Sabi Ceya (or Smutty Bear) - brother to Black Bear. I am looking forward to an exchange of information with Christine and will update the page in the future.
The treaty referred to was signed in St.Louis on the 13th of October in 1830 by the following "Yancton and Santie Bands of Siouxs" in order of signing; Matto-Sa-Becha (The Black Bear), Pa-con-okra, Citta-eutapishma (He Who Dont Eat Buffalo), To-ki-e-ton (The Stone With Horns), Cha-pon-da (or Mosquitoe), To-ki-mar-ne (He That Walks Ahead), Wock-ta-ken-dee (Kills And Comes Back) Ha Sazza & Chigga Wah-shu-she (Little Brave) [Jacques Mette was the interpreter at this signing of the treaty & it is unknown to me as to his possible connection with the Yankton].

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[mdenney]

Daniel Greysolon, sieur de Lhut (Duluth): (1636 - 1710)
He was born at Saint-Germaine-en-Lays, in France and grew up the town of Lyon. Daniel arrived in New France in 1672 but in 1674 he was back in France. He returned to New France that same year with his brother Claude Greysolon, Sieur de la Tourette. In the winter of 1678/79 he wintered at Sault Ste.Marie (with his brother, LeMaistre, Paul de Vigne, Bellegarde, de LaRue, Faffart & the two Pepin brothers) and spent the next few years to the west of that place. The winter of 1679/80 he spent in the area of Lake Superior and in June of 1680 was at the head of Lake Superior. He arrived at Mille Lacs in July after hearing of French captives among the Sioux. He found the party of three Frenchmen (including Father Hennepin) that LaSalle had sent to the Sioux and returned to Michilimackinac with them, where he spent the winter of 1680/81. The next year LaSalle made claims of Daniels illegal activities in the west, calling him the "King of the Outlaws" and he was forced to return to France to clear his name in the summer of 1782. In 1686 he established Fort St.Joseph at the north end of River St.Clair and in 1696 appointed commander of Fort Frontenac. In March of 1709 he found himself ill with the "Gout", living with Charles de Launay and making his last will (naming Jean Soumande as executor). He died there on 25 February 1710 and two days later Charles Lemoine, baron de Longueul, Lt.Louis Lienard de Beaujeu & Jean Soumande arrive at Charles de Launay's home to take an inventory of Daniel Greysolon's belongings. The inventory included: three old wigs, a 5 volume set of "The History of the Jews", a book of maps, pistols, rifle & six account/ledger/memorandum books.

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[mdenney]

Louis Ducharme: (1684 - ?)
He was the son of Louis Ducharme & Marie-Anne Mallet/Maillet, born at Montreal. Louis II married first to Marie Picard in 1715 and married second to Jeanne Pion in 1727 (Jeanne was the widow of Jean Serre). Louis II had two sons, Louis III (b.1717) (m. Francoise Jourdain in 1747) & Laurent (b.1723) (m. Marguerite-Amable Metivier-Groinier in 1753).
Louis II was hired by Pierre de Lastage, for trading out of Green Bay in 1718 and by 1726 he was associated with Jean Bte. Reaume & Charles Nolan de LaMarque at the "poste de La Baye". From 1736 to 1742 he was hiring voyageurs for Michilimackinac, 1743 to 1745 for "La Baye" and in 1751 for the "Islinois".

Laurent Ducharme: (1723 - ?)
He was the son of Louis Ducharme & Marie Picard, born at Montreal. Laurent married Marguerite-Amable Metivier-Groinier (daughter of Barthelemi Metivier-Groinier & Marguerite Descaris) in 1753 and had a daughter named Marguerite (married Joseph Roy-Portelance at Caughnawaga in 1785).
In 1754, Laurent hired Pierre Bourdon, Antoine Basinet, Joseph Janot dit Lachapelle, Philibert Sicard, Laurent Roy & Joseph Menard for Michel Makina to go to Michilimackinac. He continued [in the 1760's & 1770's he was licensed to trade out of La Baye] to hire voyageurs for Michilimackinac until 1771 than the next year is found hiring for "La Baye" & Millouaque (Mil8aqui). According to the Alexander Henry journal, Laurent was warning British commander Mj.Etherington of an attack on Michilimackinac before the "massacre" occurred at that post. In 1777 he was trading out of "Milwakee" and from 1785 to 1787, trading near the Winnebago village of Sarrochau.


Jean Marie Ducharme: (1723/34 - 1807)
He was the son of Joseph-Jean Ducharme & Marie-Therese Trottier (or Jeanne Jarrot), born at LaChine, Quebec. Jean-Marie married Marie Roy (Trottier) at Lachine in 1761 and their children were: Joseph (b.wisc.), Paul (b.wisc.) & Dominique (b.wisc.).
In 1761 (he was a cousin of Laurent Ducharme who was trading out of Michilimackinac at this time) Jean-Marie was living at Green Bay and in 1764 he was prosecuted with other traders at Niagara for selling ammo to the Indians. In 1772 he was hiring voyageurs for the "Illinois" financed by Jacques Bernard, but by 1773 trading on the Missouri River (Spanish territory), arrested by the Spaniards and taken to St. Louis. In 1777 he was licensed (with brother Dominique) to trade out of Michilimackinac for Jean Orillat, two years later licensed for two canoes to Prairie du Chien and the following year led western warriors in a British attack on Spanish St. Louis.

Joseph (Col.) Ducharme:
He was the son of Jean-Marie Ducharme & Marie Roy (Trottier). Joseph married Marie-Anne Parent (he also had children by a Menominee woman) and his children were: Joseph II (b.1782), Dominique (b.1783) & Louis (Okamawsah). Joseph died at Green Bay about 1831.

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