Native people information by name

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Daniel Lamont: (1798/99 - 1837)
He was the son of Colin Lamont Sr. & Jane Smith of Greenock, Scotland, baptized on 24 April 1798 at Greenock. He married 1st.to Hushes ("The Night") (daughter of Dakota Lake Calhoun Band Chief, Cloudman) before 1824 and married 2nd.to Margaret [he was the son-in-law of Markpeemanee / "Walking-Cloud" who was an "old" Sisseton Chief in 1824], his children were: Jane (m.Moses J.Titus in 1867), Colin & Charles.
Daniel was working on Lord Selkirk's Red River Colony, but about January of 1817 returned home to Scotland by a Hudson Bay ship. He was back on the Red River in 1820/21, trading for the Hudson Bay Co.and in 1821/22 at Lac Traverse with Robert Dickson, Joseph Renville, Kenneth McKenzie & William S.Laidlow, where he co-founded the Columbia Fur Company. He was at St.Louis, where he apparently resided, in June of 1822 when he filed his intention of becoming a citizen of the United States. In 1826 he was at Fort Factory at the mouth of the Minnesota River and in the Upper Missouri Outfit the next year. In 1832 he was at Fort Tecumseh (Ft.Pierre) on the Missouri River, but in 1835 he quit the Upper Missouri Outfit.
The following is from his Will & Testament which he wrote at Fort Pierre on the Missouri in November of 1834: "...First I direct that in event of my dying in the Civilized World or at any of the Establishments of the Upper Missouri Outfit of which I am at present a Member my Body shall be Committed to its Mother Earth from whence it came with decency but no Parade; and with the usual forms of the Scotch Presbyterian Church in which I was Baptised and in infancy reared, tho' agreeably to the interpretation of its tenates in Missouri I cannot be a Member thereof: And as to such Worldly Estate as it hath pleased God to Intrust me with I dispose of the same as follows...I further direct that the Sum of Two Thousand Dollars shall be paid by my Executors to my much esteem'd Friend William Laidlaw at present one of associates in business out of the first Moneys accruing from my interest in the Upper Missouri Outfit...And I do hereby make and ordain my much esteem'd friends Pierre Chouteau Jr. and George Collier Esquires of St.Louis aforesaid Executors of this my Will and testament..."

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William S. Laidlaw: (1797/98 - 18510
He was the son of Robert Laidlaw & Elizabeth Williamson born in Kingledores, Scotland. William married Mary Ann "Big Heart" (Taw-a-du-tah) [daughter of Sisseton Chief "Big Heart"] about 1812 on the Upper Mississippi. Their children were: Katherine D. (m.1st.to Mr.Lurty & m.2nd.to Leigh Hadley Irvine in 1848), Elzabeta (b.bef.1822), Barbara (1824-1849) (m.Morre K Lurty in 1843), William J. (1831-1859), Mary (b.bef.1833), Nancy (b.1836), Margaret (b.1838) (m.William Hodges in 1855), Julia Anne (1840-1893) (m.1st.to E.Walter Holbert & 2nd.to J.A.Walker in 1878) & Jane (b.1842).
William was managing a experimental farm, called Hayfield (Mayfield), for the Selkirk Colony on the Red River in 1818-21. He had bought oxen & cows from the fur post at Lac La Pluie and he purchased horses from the Mandans on the Missouri, through Archibald McDonell, for the Hayfield farm. He arrived in Prairie du Chien from the Selkirk Colony with Robert Dickson & Duncan Graham in March of 1820. He was in charge of boat loads of grain, seed and other supplies on the Minnesota River returning to the colony in May of that year. The grain was to replaced the loss of crops at the colony due to grasshopper the prior year. In April of 1821 William left the fur post at Lac Traverse to meet up with a cattle drive (150 head) heading for the colony from Prairie du Chien. Joseph Rolette of Prairie du Chien had contracted with the colony for the cattle drive and he employed Alexis Bailly, Francois Labathe & Duncan Graham to the deliver the cattle to the settlement. The following is from John P.Bourke's journal (he was the HBCo. trader at Lac Travers) of March 14 of 1821: "Mr.Laidlaw arrived he intends going towards Prairie du Chien to meet the cattle expected from thence. It is the opinion of many that the Officer (Col.Josiah Snelling) commanding at the (Ft.Snelling) entrance of the Riviere St.Peter (Minnesota River) will not let him pass"
In 1821 the fur companies of the Hudson Bay Company & the North West Company combine and George Simpson begins his long term as head of the HBCo. The next year, William turns his attention to the fur trade and in 1822 forms a partnership with a group (Robert Dickson, Kenneth Mackenzie, Daniel Lamont, W.P.Tilton, Honore Picotte & Joseph Renville) of fur traders which formed the Columbia Fur Company, with its headquarters near the headwaters of the Red River of the North. In the fall of 1822 he and McKenzie furnish Charles Hesse with goods, in order to ransom back his daughter from the Sioux who was the only other surviving member of his family which were massacred by the Sioux as they were on their way south from the Selkirk colony. In 1825 William is hired by Indian Agent at Ft.Snelling, Lawrence Taliaferro, to accompany Dakota Chiefs back to their homes returning from the treaty held at Prairie du Chien that year (12 die on the return journey). In 1827 the CFCo. is bought out by the AFCo. and by 1830 William was in charge of Ft.Tecumseh on the Missouri (mouth of the Teton R.), for the American Fur Company. In 1833-34 he was chief trader for AFCo. at Ft.Pierre on the Missouri.
William returned to farming in 1836, when he obtain property in Missouri (9 miles NW of Liberty, Mo.) building a plantation & mansion for his home. He died at Liberty on 9 October 1851.

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users.usinternet.com/dfnels/laidlaw.htm

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Duncan Graham: (? - 1847)
Duncan's early life is a mystery. Where he came from prior to arriving in trade with the Dakota in the 1790's is unknown. He became Hohayteedah or Hoarse Voice to the Dakota and married the daughter of Dakota chief, Penichon (Penichon was the half-blood son of a French deserter who traded with the Dakota after the Marin's left their country, about the time the British won Canada from the French).
Duncan's trading career paused when the War of 1812 broke & he became a captain in the British cause. At the battle of lower Sandusky he was repulsed by the American's while leading his command of Dakota warriors and was under Col.William McKay's command when he took Prairie du Chien from the Americans. He lead the efforts which drove, future U.S. President, Zachary Taylor, back down the Mississippi R., in Taylor's attempt to retake Prairie du Chien on 6 Sept. 1814.
In 1816 he became apart of Lord Selkirk war with the Northwest Fur Co., in which he helped secure the trade in northern Minnesota from the NWCo. traders James Grant, Wm.Morrison & Eustace Roussain for a trading season. The following are exerts of a letter Duncan wrote on 24 Feb.1818 to John Allen (Surgeon of the Royal Navy) from Big Stone Lake, giving us insight of his thoughts of his profession & his view of a Yankton Sioux village on the Cheyenne River in today's North Dakota, "...although you are not thoroughly acquainted with all Indian customs from what you have seen of them you may easily judge of my situation surrounded by about 300 lodges of the ferocious savages bruts...the bones of the Grand Siruex (Yankton Chief-killed by an Ojibwe from Leech Lake) were on a scaffold before my lodge. There was continually night & day somebody crying howling over these bones he was father to one brother to another & cousin to a third & so on, in short where he had one relation in his life he had 500 after his death they are related together as they originated from the devil whom I think must be the great Grandfather of them all...This far, past the most disagreeable winter that ever I past in my life I have experienced more trouble, anxiety & danger since the 18th of October last than in the whole course of my life before and I would not undergo as much again for all the beaver that went out of Hudson's Bay in ten years...I am in hopes to go straight to heaven as I have every reason to think that I have already gone through purgatory...I have given the place where I am the name of hell upon earth as I can find no other name more becoming it." In 1820 he was a Hudson Bay Co. trader at Lac Traverse, giving Col. Leavenworth (the new U.S. commander at the mouth of Minnesota R.) concern in accomplishing one of his missions, to secure the fur trade from British traders in U.S. territory. By 1834 he had become an American, settling near Wabasha, Mn., at the foot of Lake Pepin. His daughters had married American traders/voyageurs, Alexander Faribault, Oliver Cratte, Joseph Buisson & James Wells. Duncan died at Mendota on 5 Dec. 1847.

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Antoine Pinchon Gregare/Giguiere: (b.nr.Montreal; d.after 1773):
Antoine was a French soldier in Illinois country until he deserted in the 1740's and lived with the tribes on the Missouri until the British took control of the Midwestern region. He was living with the Dakota when Alexander Henry placed him incharge of his Sioux trading venture. On 26 June 1748 a Penichon Giguiere is given 60 livres by Jacques Legardeur (Fort Michilimackinac commander) for giving an Indian a rifle.
About 11 oct. 1766 Jonathan Carver met Pinchon at the Fox-Wisc.Portage & recorded an account by Pinchon of a man of the Menomonie Nation, whom he lost a wager to, betting that he could not get his rattlesnake [which he "treated as a Deity; calling it his Great Father, and caring it with him in a box wherever he went."] to return to the box in May (having given the snake his liberty in October}. Some years later Peter Pond ran into the same character at the Portage.
It appears Antoine's children by a Dakota woman were Wayagoenagee (see below) & Hazahotewin who became the wife of trader Duncan Graham or Hohayteedah (1770/72 - 1847).
Penichon II/ Wayagoenagee/"Good Roads": (b.abt.1789; d.after 1805):
Chief of the Mdewakantons at the Titankatanni village, about 8-9 miles above the mouth of the Minnesota River.
In 1805 Z.Pike met whom he called "le Fils de Penichon", who was the metis son of a French trader by that name.

Penichon III/Takopepeshene/"Dauntless": (b.unkown; d. 1833):


*(More research is needed on this interesting family group - if you have info to add, your help would be greatly appreciated)

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Jean Leduc III: (1684 - ?)
Jean III was the son of Jean Bte.Leduc & Marguerite Desroches, born in Montreal. He married Marie-Catherine Descary (daughter of Michel Descaris/Decarie & Marie Cuillerier) at Montreal in 1721. Their children were Jean Bte.(b.1727) (m.Anne-Catherine Bourassa in 1773) & Thérèse (b.1736) (m.Joseph Mailloux at Detroit in 1765). Marie-Catherine died at Detroit in 1761 and may have been the sister of Joseph Descarrie whose sons began the long line of (Decorah) Winnebago Chiefs.
Jean Baptiste Leduc IV: (1727 - ?)
Jean was the son of Jean Leduc III & Marie Catherine Descary (m.1721), born at Montreal in 1727. He married Anne-Catherine Bourassa (daughter of Rene Bourassa & Anne-Charlotte Chevalier) at Detroit in 1773.

Philippe Leduc:
Philippe was the son of Jean Leduc III & Marie Catherine Descary (m.1721), born at Montreal. He married Marie-Josephte Pelletier (daughter of Jean Bte.Pelletier & M.Josephte Cornet) at Detroit in 1764.

Charles Leduc:
1731 member of the 2nd.Sioux Company.

Pierre Leduc:
1731 member of the 2nd.Sioux Company.

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Descaris / Descarrie / Decarry / des Carrie / Decorah / Decarri / Dekaury / Dekouri / Decory / Descarry / Decarrie / Decorie / Decora / Decaris / Dekauri / Decarie are some of the different surname forms found of the family.
Joseph (Sabrevois/Sabrevoie/Sabrevoir) Descarrie/Decaris/Descaris/des Carrie:
He was a French Officer, probably at Green Bay, Michilimackinac or Detroit when (or before) he married the daughter of Winnebago Chief (Nawkaw/Carrymaunee/"Walking Turtle"). He was married to Hopockaw/Hopoekaw/"Coming of the Dawn"/"Glory of the Morning" in 1729 and their children were:
1) Choukeka/Chaukaka/Chooghega ("The Ladle" or "Sthingy Decora") (abt.1725-1836),
2) "The Frenchman"
3) Tcap-O-Sgaga (or "White Throat")
4) "Buzzard Decorah" (abt.1727-?)

Jonathan Carver on his was to Prairie du Chien, on 25 September 1766, stopped at the Winnebago village on Doty Is.(on the Fox River) where he found the widow (Hopockaw) of Joseph a Chief of the village. He names "de Kaury" as being wounded in a battle with the British at Quebec and who died of his wounds at Montreal (abt.1760). This village on Doty Is. "...contained 50 houses surronded by palisades...".

Choukeka/Chaukaka/ Choo-ghe-ga ("The Ladle" or "Sthingy Decora"): (1725 - 1816)
He was the son of Joseph Sabrevois Descaris & Hopockaw born on Doty Is., Wisconsin. He married "Fight of Geese" (daughter of Winnebago Chief Carrimoni/Carrymaunee/Nawkaw/"Walking Turtle") and their children were:
1) Waukonhawkaw/Schachipkaka/White War Eagle/White Eagle/Gray Eagle/Konoka Decorah/Old Grey Headed
Decorah/Waukon Decora (abt.1747-1836) [1825 Prairie du Chien treaty]
2) Chau-Wau-Kau / Eechauwaukak(or Marie Decarri/DeKaury) married Perishe/Perriche/Perrish Grignon
(abt.1770-abt.1840) in 1823.
3) Mah-Na-Tee-See (or Therese Decorah) (m.1st. Jean Lecuyer, m.2nd. Augustine Grignon and m.3rd.Michel
Lepailheur/Payer)
4) "Sthingy Decorah" [1832 Winnebago Chief]

Waukonhawkaw (White Eagle/Konoka Decorah/Old Decorah/Waukon Decora): (abt.1747-1836)
He was the son of "The Ladle" (Choukeka) & "Flight of Geese", born near Portage, Columbia Co., Wisconsin. He married and had the following children:
1) "Tall Decora"
2) "Little Decora" (Maw-He-Coo-Sha-Na-Zhe-Kaw or "He Stands With His Head Reaching The Clouds")
(d.1887)

Chah-Post-Kaw-Kaw / "Buzzard Decorah": (abt.1727 - ?)
He was the son of Joseph Sabrevois Descaris & Hopockaw born on Doty Is., Wisconsin. He married and had a son:
1) "One-Eyed Decora"

One-Eyed Decora: (abt.1772 - ?)
He was the son of Buzzard Decorah, born near Neceedah, Wisconsin. He married in 1832 at Doty Is. He apparently had a son:
1) One-Eyed Decora II (born abt. 1812 at Ft.Mackinaw, Wisconsin.

Wineshiek I / Ma-wah-re-gah / Mawaraga: (abt.1770/77 - ?)
He was born near Neceedah, Juneau Co., Wisconsin. He had four wives, one of which was Wakopeenewega (sister of Winnebago prophet "White Cloud"). He had two sons:
1) Winneshiek II / Wa-kan-ja-ko-ga / "Coming Thunder" (abt.1812-?)
2) "Short Wing" (abt.1820-?)

Mor-ah-tshay-kaw / "The Traveler" / "Little Priest": (? - 1882)
He was the Chief to the Lake Koshkonong (Wisconsin) village in 1829. He had a son:
1) Hoonk-hoo-no-kaw / "Little Chief" / Little Priest II / "Little Chief" (?-1866) [1846 treaty]

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Jean Baptiste Cadotte I: (1723-1803)
He was the son of Jean Francois Cadot & Marie Josette Prouteau, born at Batiscan, Quebec. Jean married 1st to Marie-Anastasie (Athanasie) Equawaice (m.1756) and 2nd to Marie Mouet (m.abt.1767). His children were Marie-Renee (b.1756), Charlotte (b.1759), Jean Bte. (b.1761), Michel (b.1764) & Joseph-Marie (b.1768).
From 1765 to 1775 he was involved in trading ventures in the Lake Superior area with Alexander Henry, Joseph Frobisher & Peter Pond. In September of 1783 he was sent by Daniel Robertson on a peace mission to the Ojibwe, Dakota & Fox tribes. He retired in 1796 turning his business over to his sons Michel & Jean II.
Michel Cadotte I (Kechemechane): (1764-1837)
Michel Cadotte I & Jean Bte.Cadotte II took over the fur trade business from their father Jean Bte.Cadotte I (mother - Anastase Equawaise) in 1796. By then the two brother had for many years managed posts in northern Minnesota. The Ojibway Clan (Awause/Catfish) that had established themselves in the former Dakota lands were of the same Clan as their mother's. In 1793 Michel had permanently established his residence on Madeline Is. and was married to the LaPointe village Chief White Crane's daughter. Michel & Madeline (Equaysayway/Traveling Woman) had a large family of which three daughters married traders Lyman Warren, Truman Warren, James Ermantinger & Louis Corbin. Lyman Warren in 1823 bought out his father in laws trading venture later becoming in charge of American Fur Co. operations in the area.

Jean Bte.Cadotte II: (1761-1818)
Jean II married Saugemauqua and their children were Louison, Sophia, Archangel, Edward & Polly.
Trading between 1792 & 1800 in the Red Lake area, Jean first had a post on the west side of the lake then later at the junction of the Clearwater & Red Lake Rivers. In 1801 he was one of six admitted as partner in Northwest Co. but in 1803 he was expelled as a partner for "drunkeness". After 1803 Jean was employed by the Mackinac Company at Lac Flambeau in Wisconsin.

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LaFreniere / Freniere / Frenier / Lafresniere
Associated names that may accompany this surname are: Desrosiers, Piette/Piete, Chauvin, Donay/Daunet, Delonai, Trempe, Venire & Hertel.
Charles-Jacques Freniere (Lafreniere):
He married a Sisseton (daughter of Tokokotipexni or "He Who Fears Nothing"). His children were Francois (d.bef.1851), Narcisse & Louison. Charles was a trader on the Riviere St.Pierre (Minnesota River) in the 1780's. May have been related to Antoine Piette dit Freniere who was indebt to Pierre Peltier d'Antaya in 1754 but absent from his wife (Therese Mandeville) "dans les Pays d'en Haut".

Narcisse Freniere (Cekpa):
He married 1st. to Winona Crawford (b.1808), 2nd. to an Elm River Yanktonai woman & 3rd to another Yanktonai woman. His children were Susan (m. Joseph R.Brown at Lac Traverse in 1835), Daniel Antoine (Sataka), Antoine, a daughter (m.Francois Chardon), Thomas, Narcisse (b.abt.1841 MN) & Francois (b.abt.1839 MN.). In 1816 he was at Prairie du Chien, employed by James Aird. In 1819 he was employed by Graham & Renville as an interpreter at Lac Traverse. From 1824 to 1827 he worked for the American Fur Co. but by 1836 he ( with brothers Francois & Louis) was an independent sub-outfit of the American Fur Co's. Western out-fit, trading at the mouth of the Cheyenne River. Narcisse died while on a journey to the Missouri River.

Francois Freniere: (died before 1851)
He married a Sisseton woman and his children were: Xavier (Pejiskaya) (b.abt.1809), Norris (b.abt.1816), Rosalia (m. John Mooers) & Louis (abt.1812-1839). A long time trader, he had a store near Lac Traverse and was visited by Father Ravoux in the fall of 1842.

Xavier (Exevier) Freneire (Pejiskaya): (b.abt.1809/13)
He was the son of Francois Freniere and a Medwakaton and/or Sisseton woman. Xavier married a Sisseton woman and their children were: Joseph (b.abt.1832/36), Augustin (b.abt.1835/39), Xavier (b.abt.1835/39), Josephine (b.abt.1842/46) & Baptiste (b.abt.1850/54).

Antoine LaFreniere: (abt.1780-1863)
He married Marguerite Houle and their children were: Antoine (1810-1874)(m.Ursule Morin), Isabelle (b.abt.1815)(m.Francois Roy), Marguerite (b.abt.1823)(m.Antoine Flamand), Jean Bte. (1828-1897)(m.Ursule St.Germain) & Francois (1834-1860)(m.Isabelle St.Germain). This family of LaFreniere's was associated with the St.Francois Xavier parish of the Selkirk Settlement.

Antoine LaFreniere:
He married Madeleine St.Onge and they had sons Antoine Jr. & Oliver. This Antoine Sr. was at the capture of the American fort at Mackinac, when it was captured during the War of 1812. He remained loyal to the English after the war & moved to the British fort at Drummond Is.and later (1828) at Penetanguishene. Oliver married a widow (Madeleine Lacombe) and moved to Manitoba.

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Buffalo: (? - ?)
He was a Dakota Chief who lived during the time of European first contact (Radisson, Perrot, etc..) with the Dakota. During the period of Dakota/Ojibwe alliance (1695-1736) he lived in the desputed lands of west-central Wisconsin and was was one of the Dakota Nation to gain a Ojibwe wife. His father-in-law was a Ojibwe Chief of the Awause/Catfish Totem who was on the fringe of Ojibwe western expansion, establishing a village on Rice Lake (headwaters of the Shell River - tributary of the St.Croix River) during this time of relative peace.
Buffalo had two sons from this union, who became Chiefs (Wolf Clan) in the St.Croix region. Omigaundib ("Sore-Head) (b.early 1700's) became Chief of the village at Rice Lake and another son established a village at Yellow Lake about 1740.
O-mig-aun-dib ("Sore Head"):
He was the son of a Dakota Chief & the daughter of an Ojibwe Chief. His parents married during a term of peace between the two tribes in the early 1700's. His descendants were Chiefs of the Wolf Clan (Maheengun Totem) of Ojibwe, with their villages bordering the disputed lands of the Dakota. Those descendants include; I-aub-aus (1820's - Chief of Rice Lake village), Shon-e-yah (Chief of a Snake River village), Na-guon-abe (1820's - Chief of the Mille Lacs village) & Mun-o-min-ika-sheen (1840's - Chief of a St.Croix village & 1850's - Chief at Mille Lacs).
The follow is from William W.Warren's book, History of the Ojibway People; "...Omig-aun-dib, the chief of Rice Lake, had half brothers among the Dakotas, who after the death of their common father became chiefs over their people; through the influence of these closely related chieftains, peace was long kept up between their respective villages. Ill-will, however, gradually crept in between them, as either party continually lost relatives, in the implacable warfare which was now most continually carried on between other portions of their two tribes. At last they dared no longer to make peace visits to one another's villages, though they still did not join the war parties which marched into the region of country which they respectively occupied...The breach between the two tribes became widened by almost daily bloody encounters, and the relationship existing between them became at last to be almost forgotten...short terms of peace which have occurred between the two tribes, have generally been first brought about by the mixed bloods of either tribe who could approach one another with greater confidence than those entirely unconnected by blood..."

Iaubaus ("Little-Buck"): (? - ?)
He was the nephew of Omigaundib and the son of the Chief of the Yellow Lake village. He was an Ojibwe Chief (Wolf Clan) of the Rice Lake village about 1825 to 1852.

Shoneyah ("Silver/Money"): (? - ?)
He was the nephew of Omigaundib and the son of the Chief of the Yellow Lake village. He was an Ojibwe Chief (Wolf Clan) of the Pokaguma (Snake River) village about 1837 to 1852.

Naguonabe ("Feathers-End"): (? - ?)
He was the nephew of Omigaundib and the son of the Chief of the Yellow Lake village. He was an Ojibwe Chief (Wolf Clan) of the Mille Lacs village who signed a treaty in 1837. In William W.Warren's book "History of the Ojibway People", he writes (his manuscript was finished in the winter of 1852/53 before his early death) of the Wolf/Maheengun Clan; "...are few in number and reside mostly on the St.Croix River and at Mille Lacs. They are looked upon by the tribe in general with much respect. The Ojibways of this totem derive their origin on the paternal side from the Dakotas. Naguonabe, the civil chief of Mille Lac, may be considered the principal man of this family. Munominikashe, who has lately removed from the St.Croix to Mille Lac with his band, is a man of considerable importance amongst his fellows..."

Munominikashe ("Rice-Maker"): (? - ?)
He was descendent from Dakota Chief Buffalo, from the Dakota/Ojibwe marriage. He was an Ojibwe Chief (Wolf Clan) who moved his village accross the St.Croix River about 1850 to the Mille Lacs area.


- The is the begining of a fascinating history of the Dakota/Ojibwe desputed lands and the western expansion of the Ojibwe accross the Lower St.Croix River. I am hoping you folks out there in cyber-land will help sort-out this "sketch" with additions, corrections and other missing info, so we can piece together an accurate history of the region during this time...Contact me at [e-mail] and I will add your info to this site, crediting you with your name and/or e-mail.

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users.usinternet.com/dfnels/buffalo.htm

[mdenney]

Buffalo (Kechewashkeena/Pizhickee/Pezhike/Peezhickee/"Great-Buffalo"): (? - ?)
He was the son of Kechewashkeenh/Besheke and was an uncle of Schoolcraft's (U.S. Indian Agent and leader of U.S. exploration mission to the headwaters of the Mississippi) Ojibwe wife. Buffalo's children were: Nindanokwe/Moissie/Audaigweos/Andekwiass/"Crows-Flesh"/"Ravens-Meat" (abt.1797-abt.1850), Andek (b.abt.1780), Tchetchigwaio (1790-abt.1860), Kaguadash, Odishdwagam (d.abt), Amous (Rosalie) (1817-1888) & Ogabemabi (abt.1818-1839).
Buffalo was Ojibwe Chief (Bear Clan) of the village on the Snake River in 1830 and Chief of the Whitefish Lake (St.Croix River Band) village in 1837, who was visiting at Ft.Snelling with Flatmouth.
John Buffalo: (? - 1842)
He was an Ojibwe Chief who died 28 July 1842.

Buffalo (Chiwaishfi): (? - ?)
He was the son of Waubojeeg I ("White-Fisher").

Great-Buffalo (Kechewashkeena): (? - ?)
He was an Ojibwe (Loon Clan) Chief at Lapointe in 1750.

Pezhike: (? - ?)
He was first Chief at Lapointe village with sub-Chief Tagwaugig/Tugwaugaune (abt.1782-1844) in 1831.

Buffalo (Besheke): (? - ?)
He was a Ojibwe War-Chief (Bear/Noka Clan) of the Leech Lake village, according to William W.Warren's book "History of the Ojibway People". Warren list other members of the Bear Clan as Hole-in-the-Day & "The Hawk" (Kakaik) of Chippewa River. He characterizes in his book the members of this clan as: "...ill-tempered and fond of fighting and consequently they are noted as ever having kept the tribe in difficulty and war with other tribes, in which, however, they have generally been the principal and foremost actors...". Warren also writes of a "...Buffalo of the Bear Clan, also became noted as a chief of the St.Crroix Ojibways, in fact superseding in importance and influence the hereditary chiefs of this division. Having committed a murder, he originally fled from the Sault Ste.Marie and took refuge on the St.Croix...His son Kaguadash, has succeeded him as chif of a small band...".

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[mdenney]

Eustache Roussain: (born 1770-80)
Eustache was a prominent trader in the Fond du Lac Dept. first for Northwest Fur Co. than American Fur Co. His name first surfaces in 1795 as a clerk for Simon Chaurette in J.Sayer & Co.'s Lac du Flambeau Dept. which was a fur company associated with the Northwest Fur Co. From 1798 to 1804 he was a clerk/interpreter in the Fond du Lac Dept. of NWC. In 1804 he was at Athabasca Dept. but 1805-06 back in the Fond du Lac Dept. as clerk/interpreter. In 1816 while serving NWC in the same capacity he was arrested by Selkirks army with James Grant & William Morrison (Wm.'s wife was Julia Roussain) at Fond du Lac as part of Lord Selkirk efforts to retake & restore his Red River Colony, taken & dispersed by the NWC the previous year. Between 1826 & 1831 he was a full partner with William Aitken as chief traders of American Fur Co.'s Fond du Lac Dept. with his post at Leech Lake & Aitken's at Sandy Lake.
Eustache Roussain: (b.1827 Ft.Garry, d.10 jan.1872 Portage La Prairie)
Eustache's was the son of Charles Roussain and married Marguerite Caron (dau. of Antoine Caron & Angelique St.Germain). Eustache & Marguerite children were: Charles(b.12 feb.1852, St.Boniface); Pierre; Francois; Regis; Jean Bte.(b.jun.1869); & Eustache Jr.(b.30 jun.1861, St.Boniface).

Eustache Roussain:
Eustache was a trader for the North West Co., Hudson Bay Co. & American Fur Co., who died on 4 July 1839 and had been married to three sisters.

Charles Roussain: (b.abt.1799, Canada)
1834 &1860 employed by Amer.Fur Co.'s Fond du Lac Dept.

Francois Roussain: (b.abt.1815/20 Minnesota)
1860 employed by Amer.Fur Co.'s Fond du Lac Dept.
Wife was named Susan and son's were Francois Jr.(b.abt.1838, Mn.) & Eustache(b.abt.1842, Mn.).

Francois Roussain:
Francois was married to Zoe Bouc and they had a son named Eustache born in Feburary of 1840 in the Fond du Lac area.

Joseph Roussain: (b.abt.1819, Wisconsin)
1850 Itasca Co., Mn.census list Joseph as a fisherman.
Sons were Joseph Jr.(b.abt.1840) & John(b.abt.1843)

List of Red River Households: (as listed in "The Genealogy of the First Metis Nation", compiled by Sprague & Frye)
Baptiste Roussain(b.1772) / wife-Josephte(b.1775)
Charle Roussain(b.1809) / wife-Therese Ducharme(b.1812)
Charle Roussain(b.1809) / wife-Betsy Houle(b.1820)
Francois Roussain(b.1833) / wife-Elise Courchene(b.1838)

Possible ancestors of the above are:

Nicolas Roussain:
Nicolas was married to 1st. Madeleine Paradis in 1667, m.2nd.to Marie-Madeleine Tremblay in 1671 & m.3rd.to Anne Moutrille in 1674. Their children were: Pierre (b.1675), Joseph (b.1679)(m.Anne Jacob in 1704 at L'Ange Gardien, Que.), Jacques (1685-1753)(m.Marie-Madeleine Guyon (daughter of Joseph Guyon, sieur Dubuisson & Genevieve Cloutier), Nicolas (1688-1762)(m.1st. Marie-Anne Goulet in 1718 & m.2nd. Marie-Anne Cote in 1741), Jean (b.1690)(m. Marie-Genevieve Pauze in 1716) & Louis (b.1695)(m. Catherine Trudel in 1718).

link below-

users.usinternet.com/dfnels/roussain.htm

[mdenney]

"Oliver Faribault...Here's some things that I know about him:
He was born in 1815, most likely in Prairie du Chien. He died in October 1850 (I've got the exact date somewhere) He is buried in Faribault, in the same plot as his brother Alexander. His wife Harriet is buried in Shakopee, (I think in either the cemetary on a hill just south of Canterbury Downs, or in the small one near the high school. Memory fails me right now.)
If you've ever read "Old Rail Fence Corners" there's a few pages there written by his daughter Lucy. I've got copies of his purchases from H.H. Sibley's post in Mendota."



The following genealogical file is WinZip-ed;
To view/download file, click on file and UnZip in the Lotus 1-2-3 release 5 format.
faribaul.zip

link below-

users.usinternet.com/dfnels/faribault-zip.htm

[mdenney]

Weucha (Shake Hand)/le Liberateur(the Deliverer): (? - 1804/07)
On 31 August 1804, he and his band encountered the Lewis & Clark expedition on the Missouri (just above the mouth of the James River) and met in council with the two representatives of the American government. The expedition journals describe Weucha as an old, grand Chief of the Yankton, (Z.Pike in 1805-06 names White Buffalo or Petessung as Head-Chief of this tribe) which numbers 200 warriors. The journals also recorded his speech which was probably translated by either Pierre Dorion I (who was the expedition interpreter at this time) or Pierre Dorion II (who was present and trading among this tribe at the time):
"I see before me, my Great Father's two sons. You see me and the rest of our chiefs and warriors. We are very poor; we have neither powder, no ball, nor knives; and our women and children at the village have no clothes. I wish that as my brothers have given me a flag and a medal, they would give something to those poor people, or let them stop and trade with the first boat which comes up the river. I will bring chiefs of the Pawnees and Mahas together, and make peace between them; but it is better that I should do it than my Great Father's sons, for they will listen to me more readily. I will also take some chiefs to your country in the spring; but before that time I cannot leave home. I went formerly to the English, and they gave me a medal and some clothes; when I went to the Spanish they gave me a medal, but nothing to keep it from my skin; but now you give me a medal and clothes. But still we are poor; and I wish, brothers, you would give us something for our squaws"
The expedition journal goes on to describe a inter-tribal society of this tribe:
"...It is an association of the most active and brave young men, who are bound to each other by attachment, secured by a vow, never to retreat before any danger, or give way to their enemies...These young men sit, camp, and dance together, distinct from the rest of the nation; they are generally about 30 or 35 years old, and such is the deference paid to courage that their seats in council are superior to those of the chiefs and their persons more respected...that band is now reduced to four warriors, who were among our visitors. These were the remains of 22 who composed the society not long ago..."
Weucha's sub-Chiefs at this council with Lewis & Clark were: Mahtoree/Monlori (White Crane/Grey Bear/White Bear) [he was chief signer of 1815 treaty at Portage des Sioux with the Yankton], Pawnawneahpahbe (Struck By A Pawnee) [probable 3nd signer at the 1815 treaty] & Aweawechache (Half Man).
The Yankton lands at this time included the head-waters of the Des Moines River and to the west including the Sacred Pipe-Stone Quarry and the lower James River region. At one time they were united with the Yanktonai & Assiniboine, making up one of the three main divisions (Dakota, Nakota & Lakota) of what is generally called the Sioux today. Probably some time in the later part of the 17th century the tribe (Nakota) split off into two factions, the Assiniboine migrating to the north-west, than sometime in the mid 1700's the remaining tribe split again with the Yanktonai migrating to the west & the Yankton migrating to the south-west. From early French exploration reports it seems this tribe had long migrated annually to the prairie's for hunts but would winter in the shelter of central Minnesota. Returning to the forest lands discontinued at some point due problably to the increasing war party pressures of their neighbors the Cree & Ojibwe and including attacks from their brothers the Assiniboine. Pierre LeSueur was visited by the Hinkaneton or "village of the Red Stone Quarry" (Yankton) while he was on his trading/mining expedition in 1700 at south-central Minnesota. The Marin's in the 1750's puts the main Yankton village number at 160 lodges and says they roam to the Missouri River.
Waskaigingo/Wahhaginea/Waskaijingo(Little Dish or Little Bowl or Pettit Plat):
From before 1806 to after 1836 he was Chief of theYankton. About 1813 his tribe is driven to migrate west to the Big Sioux River due to war with the Sac & Fox. On the19th of July in 1815 Chiefs & warriors of the Yankton Tribe met with William Clark, Ninian Edwards & Auguste Chouteau, representing the United States, at Portage des Sioux signing at treaty of "...re-establishing peace and friendship...". The order of Yankton signers was ; Monlori (or White Bear), Waskaijingo (or Little Dish), Padamape (or Panis Sticker), Chaponge (or Musquitoe), Mindalonga (Parisan or War Chief), Weopaatowechashla (or Sun Set), Tokaymhominee (or The Rock That Turns), Keonorunco (or Fast Flyer), Mazo (or The Iron), Haiwongeeda (or One Horn) & Mazehaio (or Arrow Sender) [Maurice Blondeau, Manuel Lisa, Thomas Forsyth, Louis Dorion & John Hay were also present at the Treaty, all of whom were very familiar with the Yankton and would likely have been the sources of the names and translation of the individual Yankton signers]. Again on the 22nd of June in 1825 at Fort Look-Out (near the Three Rivers of the Sioux Pass) Chief, Headmen & warriors of the "Teton, Yancton and Yanctonnies" met with Gen.Atkinson and Benj.O'Fallon (representing the U.S.) in a Treaty of "...perpetuating the friendship...". The order of Yankton signers was; Maw-too-sa-be-kia (The Black Bear), Wacan-o-hi-gnan (The Flying Medicine), Wah-ha-ginga (The Little Dish), Cha-pon-ka (The Musqueto), Eta-ke-nus-ke-an (The Mad Face), To-ka-oo (The One That Kills), O-ga-tee (The Fork), You-ia-san (The Warrior), Wah-ta-ken-do (The One Who Comes From War), To-qui-in-too (The Little Soldier) & Ha-sas-hah (The Ioway) [Jean Bte Dorion was present at the Treaty and more than likely the interpreter of the names and translations]. Before 1830 he was replaced as primary Chief by War Eagle (Wahmedawahkee) trading with William Dickson at his post near the mouth of the Vermillion River. In 1825 he was one of the primary signers of a treaty with the Teton, Yankton & Yanktonai.


He Who Eats No Buffalo Cow (Tatankayeteshene/Peteyuteshni):
In 1823 Keating & Renville credit him as Hereditary Chief of the Yankton and in 1838-39 Joseph Nicollet also names him as primary Chief of the Yankton at the source of the Des Moines. In a 1830 treaty at St.Louis with the Yankton & Santee, He Who Dont Eat Buffalo (Citta-eutapishma) is 3rd signer under Matto-Sa-Becha (Black Bear) & Pa-con-okra. In September of 1836 he was primary signer (Pittaeutapishna) for the Yankton in a treaty with Col. Zachory Taylor (future President) with Washkashinga signing second.

note: I have recently received an e-mail from Christine (a descendent of Smutty Bear) who beleives the person Mattosabecha (Black Bear) referred to in the Treaty of 1830 was actually Mato Sabi Ceya (or Smutty Bear) - brother to Black Bear. I am looking forward to an exchange of information with Christine and will update the page in the future.
The treaty referred to was signed in St.Louis on the 13th of October in 1830 by the following "Yancton and Santie Bands of Siouxs" in order of signing; Matto-Sa-Becha (The Black Bear), Pa-con-okra, Citta-eutapishma (He Who Dont Eat Buffalo), To-ki-e-ton (The Stone With Horns), Cha-pon-da (or Mosquitoe), To-ki-mar-ne (He That Walks Ahead), Wock-ta-ken-dee (Kills And Comes Back) Ha Sazza & Chigga Wah-shu-she (Little Brave) [Jacques Mette was the interpreter at this signing of the treaty & it is unknown to me as to his possible connection with the Yankton].

link below-

users.usinternet.com/dfnels/weucha.htm

[mdenney]

Andrew Jackson Blackbird
Birth: 1815
Death: Sep. 7, 1908

Native American. He was an important figure in the history of the Odawa (Ottawa) tribe and was the son of a chief. His name was "MACK-E-TE-BE-NESSY". Educated in the traditions of the Odawa he also attended Euro-American schools including present-day Eastern Michigan University. Mr. Blackbird bought a building in Harbor Springs, Michigan around 1858, when the town was inhabited mostly by Odawa people. From here he ran the post office and wrote a history of the Odawa. He also served many other functions, such as Justice of the Peace. The book he wrote was titled "History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan and published in 1887. As a councilor for the Odawa he participated in the negotiations for the Treaty of 1855, which established a large home reservation for the Odawa in this area. Blackbird also helped Odawa veterans get pensions, and assisted with land claims. Andrew's building is now listed as a historical site and there is a museum on the site. (bio by: Jim Shearer)

dp3.lib.ndsu.nodak.edu/search/index.cgi?q=+dakota+indians&cmd=Search%21

MACK-E-TE-BE-NESSY was a brother to Joseph Wakazoo, my GGG Grandfather on my father's side. Thanks denney.

[mdenney]

FLAT-MOUTH / GUELLE PLATTE / ESHKEBUGECOSHE / AISHKIBUGIKOZSH:
Flat-Mouth (b.abt.1773-d.1852) was a civil Chief at Leech lake (Pillagers) by 1805 when Pike visited while on his American discovery mission. His parents were Wasonaunequa (Yellow-Hair) & a Dakota woman.(he had a brother - Beaux). He was reported to have grown up in the plains, west of the Red River. In 1812 he refused Col.Robert Dickson's plead to go to war against the Americans and fight for the British cause. In 1837 he was at Treaty negotiations at Ft.Snelling.

link below-

users.usinternet.com/dfnels/flatmout.htm